A new study identifies a recurring 11-year oscillation in global mean sea level linked to the solar cycle. The analysis shows that solar activity influences rainfall distribution and terrestrial water storage, leading to measurable shifts in sea level that align with peaks and troughs in the Sun’s natural cycle.
A massive solar storm that struck Earth over 14 000 years ago has been identified as the strongest ever recorded. Traces of the event were discovered in ancient tree rings, revealing a sharp spike in radiocarbon levels in 12 350 BC. The finding extends the known limits of solar activity and provides a rare reference point for dating events in the Late Glacial period.
A new study shows that Earth’s upper atmosphere can pulse in near-perfect sync with subtle rhythms from the Sun. Researchers tracked minute-scale bursts from a powerful solar flare and found matching fluctuations in electron density overhead. The discovery reveals a direct, finely timed link between solar activity and conditions in Earth’s ionosphere.
A new study shows that the latitude of solar coronal holes and the Sun’s B0 angle significantly influence high-speed solar wind streams, potentially improving the accuracy of space weather forecasts. The research introduces a predictive algorithm based on L5-L1 observations to enhance forecasting capabilities.
Researchers predict that solar cycle 25 will produce 2 ± 1 extremely strong solar flares (stronger than X14.3) after spring 2027, along with a broader estimate of 5 ± 2 flares exceeding X10, based on solar observations since 1975.
A 2025 study published in the journal Space Weather suggests the minimum of the Centennial Gleissberg Cycle (CGC) has recently ended, marking a transition toward stronger solar cycles and rising solar irradiance that may persist through the mid-21st century.
A new study by researchers at the University of Tsukuba examined the role of solar heat in earthquake activity. By analyzing seasonal variations in seismicity, correlations between solar activity and earthquakes, and the influence of atmospheric temperature on earthquake predictability, the study provides new insights into how solar-driven thermal effects may contribute to stress changes in the Earth’s lithosphere.
A long-term statistical study has confirmed a direct correlation between rainfall variability in India and solar activity features such as sunspots, solar flares, and solar prominences. Researchers analyzed 5 consecutive solar cycles (1964 – 2019) and found that rainfall levels shift predictably with solar fluctuations, impacting seasonal and annual precipitation patterns across India.
A study analyzing 56 450 Sun-like stars has found that superflares which are immense bursts of electromagnetic radiation, occur roughly once every 100 years.
A comprehensive study led by Grigoriy Doronin, using data from NASA’s Aura MLS and NOAA’s SWPC, examined mesospheric ozone depletion due to solar proton events (SPEs) over the past two decades. The study, which ran from 2004 to 2024, demonstrated the considerable impact of high-energy protons from the Sun on ozone levels, indicating notable changes in depletion patterns across the northern and southern hemispheres.
