Sudden disappearance of San Rafael – Ecuador’s tallest waterfall
San Rafael Waterfall — the tallest waterfall in Ecuador and one of the county's most stunning landscapes, disappeared last month after a large sinkhole opened on the Coca River, just a few minutes before the falls.
With waters dropping about 150 m (490 feet), the river and falls flowed through a thick chunk of cloud forest at the intersection of the Andes Mountains and the Amazon Basin.
However, the waterfall disappeared on February 2, 2020, after a huge sinkhole appeared in the Coca River, a few meters before the falls, and diverted the watercourse in three separate sections and at a less steep slope.
According to NASA's Earth Observatory, researchers believe the three streams could cause erosion at the channel’s origin and create a river upstream, which might change the topography of the valley.
The images below, acquired by the Operational Land Imager (OLI) on Landsat 8, show the falls and the surrounding river basin while water still flowed on August 4, 2014, and after it stopped on March 15, 2020.
Satellite imagery taken on August 4, 2014. Image credit: USGS LANDSAT-8/OLI
Satellite imagery taken on March 13, 2020. Image credit: USGS LANDSAT-8/OLI
Side-by-side images of the waterfall display the difference between 2014 and 2020. The earlier image shows a white patch, indicating the waterfall's active drop.
However, in the latest image, the white patch is gone, indicating that the waterfall has disappeared.
Image credit: USGS LANDSAT-8/OLI
The cause of the sinkhole's formation is under investigation.
While some geologists think that it occurred in a natural way, others think it could be connected with the construction of a new hydroelectric plant, which will be the country's largest.
According to the MongaBay, Ecuadorian scientists are surprised by an event that cannot be remembered in Latin America’s recent history – be it natural or caused by human activity.
Geologist Alfredo Carrasco said the event is fascinating, adding that the waterfall did not actually disappear. Rather, the river changed its course and the water now falls upstream.
It is located in an area of seismic and volcanic activity near the Reventador volcano, one of the most active in the country. Its lava and strong earthquakes that eroded the mountains thousands of years ago formed San Rafael.
The geologist believes that in 30 to 50 years, these three new waterfalls could be between three and five kilometers higher.
Ecuador's tourism ministry said they have no plans on rebuilding the riverbed or restoring San Rafael, making the waterfall merely a history.
Images courtesy Ecuador Ministry of Tourism
Featured image credit: Ecuador Ministry of Tourism
If you value what we do here, create your ad-free account and support our journalism.
Your support makes a difference
Dear valued reader,
We hope that our website has been a valuable resource for you.
The reality is that it takes a lot of time, effort, and resources to maintain and grow this website. We rely on the support of readers like you to keep providing high-quality content.
If you have found our website to be helpful, please consider making a contribution to help us continue to bring you the information you need. Your support means the world to us and helps us to keep doing what we love.
Support us by choosing your support level – Silver, Gold or Platinum. Other support options include Patreon pledges and sending us a one-off payment using PayPal.
Thank you for your consideration. Your support is greatly appreciated.
Sincerely,
Teo Blašković
It’s a natural process. There are many volcano lava damming and failure events on the Earth, for example in Colorado, USA. But it’s still so surprised that a waterfall disappeared suddenly. Natural power is great!