Volcanic unrest continues at Mount Spurr, Alaska, with elevated seismic activity, surface deformation, persistent gas emissions, and visible summit steaming. The current unrest indicates that new magma has intruded into the Earth’s crust beneath the volcano and that the probability of an eruption has increased. The last known eruption at this volcano took place in 1992 (VEI 4).
New activity/unrest was reported for 3 volcanoes from March 19 to 25, 2025. During the same period, ongoing activity was reported for 20 volcanoes.
A rapid increase in volcanic tremor was recorded at Mount Etna, Italy on March 24, 2025, followed by explosive activity at the Southeast Crater. The eruption occurred after tremor levels rose significantly, prompting authorities to raise the Aviation Color Code to Red at 10:18 UTC.
A major eruption took place at Indonesia’s Lewotobi Laki-laki volcano on March 20, 2025, ejecting ash up to 16.2 km (53 000 feet) above sea level.
New activity/unrest was reported for 8 volcanoes from March 12–18, 2025. During the same period, ongoing activity was reported for 4 volcanoes.
New activity/unrest was reported for 6 volcanoes from March 5 to March 11, 2025. During the same period, ongoing activity was reported for 15 volcanoes.
A shallow earthquake registered by the INGV as M4.4 hit the Campi Flegrei region of Italy at 00:25 UTC (01:25 LT) on March 13, 2025. The agency is reporting a depth of 2 km (1.2 miles). The earthquake matched the strongest event in 40 years but showed unprecedented ground accelerations, indicating greater intensity, according to the Vesuvius Observatory. The USGS and EMSC reported a magnitude of 4.2, with USGS reporting a depth of 10 km (6.2 miles) and EMSC 3 km (1.9 miles).
The likelihood of an eruption at Mount Spurr has increased with gas emissions recorded on March 7 and 11, confirming ongoing volcanic unrest. The volcano is located about 120 km (75 miles) west of Anchorage (population 286 000), Alaska.
Magma accumulation beneath Svartsengi has reached its highest recorded level since the beginning of the ongoing eruption series in December 2023. The volume of magma beneath Svartsengi is now greater than what was recorded before the November 2024 eruption.
Episode 13 of Kīlauea’s ongoing eruption at Halema’uma’u crater ended at 01:13 UTC on March 12, 2025, after 12 hours and 37 minutes of lava fountaining. Lava covered over 60% of the summit floor, and sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions peaked at 40 000 tonnes per day.
