Two coronal mass ejections (CMEs) produced on December 29, 2024, impacted Earth on December 31, causing G4 – Severe geomagnetic storm on January 1, 2025. A slow return to nominal levels is expected by late on January 2. Late on January 3 to early on January 4, a potential glancing blow from the January 1 CME is likely to cause another enhancement.
At least two coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are heading toward Earth, with impacts expected on December 31 and January 1, 2025. The first CME — much stronger, was produced by a filament eruption associated with an M2.0 flare at 04:30 UTC on December 29 from Active Region (AR) 3939. This resulted in an asymmetric, partial-halo CME first seen in NASA coronagraph imagery at approximately 06:24 UTC.
Solar activity increased to high levels on December 29 and 30, 2024, producing more than 20 M- and 3 X-class solar flares in just over 24 hours. At least one of these events produced an Earth-directed coronal mass ejection (CME) – with impact expected on December 31. As a result, a G3 – Strong Geomagnetic Storm Watch is in effect.
A major X1.1 solar flare erupted from Active Region 3936 at 07:18 UTC on December 29, 2024. The event started at 07:08 and ended at 07:34 UTC. Two CMEs were noted in LASCO imagery following multiple solar flares today. Initial analysis indicates at least one has a likely Earth-directed component, with a possible arrival early on December 31.
A coronal mass ejection (CME) produced on December 13, 2024, impacted Earth at 05:19 UTC on December 17, sparking G1 – Minor geomagnetic storming. The K-index reached 5 at 08:07 UTC, with effects limited to areas poleward of 60 degrees geomagnetic latitude. Enhanced solar wind conditions, driven by a positive polarity coronal hole high-speed stream (CH HSS), are expected to continue through December 18. Meanwhile, solar activity remains low, with a 30-40% chance of M-class flares and a 5% chance of X-class flares through December 19.
A major solar flare measuring X2.2 erupted from Active Region 3912 at 09:06 UTC on December 8, 2024. The event started at 08:50 and ended at 09:10 UTC.
A coronal mass ejection (CME) associated with filament eruption near Region 3901 at around 20:24 UTC on November 25, 2024, is forecast to reach Earth late November 28 (UTC).
A strong solar flare measuring M9.4 erupted beyond the Sun’s northeastern limb at 07:42 UTC on November 25, 2024. The event started at 07:24 and ended at 08:03 UTC.
A strong solar flare erupted well beyond the west limb of the Sun at approximately 18:00 UTC on November 21, 2024. This event produced a large coronal mass ejection (CME) and sparked a solar radiation storm on Earth reaching S2 – Moderate levels on November 22.
A strong solar flare measuring M9.4 erupted from Active Region 3889 at 12:06 UTC on November 10, 2024. The event started at 11:51 and ended at 12:14 UTC.
