Heavy rain since late September triggered destructive floods and landslides across Honduras, killing at least 16 people and affecting over 34 000, as October 22, 2025. National and local authorities declared states of emergency in the departments of Francisco Morazán, La Paz, Intibucá and Lempira, as well as in the capital district of Tegucigalpa.
A G2 – Moderate geomagnetic storm on October 18, 2025, produced an extremely bright red SAR arc visible from the United States to northern Europe. The event showed an unusually efficient release of energy from Earth’s ring current system, challenging current understanding of how the planet’s magnetic field interacts with the atmosphere.
A smoldering carbon-composite object discovered near Newman, Western Australia, on October 18, 2025, is believed to be part of a Chinese Jielong 3 rocket that re-entered Earth’s atmosphere.
Tropical Storm Melissa, the 13th named storm of the 2025 Atlantic hurricane season, formed on Tuesday, October 21, 2025. A Tropical Storm Watch is in effect for Haiti, and a Severe Weather Alert remains active for Jamaica as the system brings the risk of heavy rainfall, flash floods, and landslides across both countries.
Forecast data indicate an early weakening and displacement of the stratospheric polar vortex over the Arctic in October 2025, as a developing high-pressure anomaly over Greenland interacts with the circulation earlier than usual, increasing the chances of colder air movement toward the mid-latitudes of North America and Europe.
A secondary lahar flow originating from remobilized pyroclastic and tephra deposits on the southern flank of Mount Semeru, Indonesia, occurred on October 21, 2025, trapping a truck near Gladak Perak Bridge in Lumajang Regency, East Java. The rain-induced lahar, classified as a cold, non-eruptive sediment-water flow, moved through the Besuk Kobokan drainage, carrying a dense slurry of volcanic debris and runoff.
A low-pressure area in the Caribbean Sea, designated AL98, is forecast to develop into the 13th named storm of the 2025 Atlantic hurricane season, “Melissa,” later on October 21, 2025, with a 100% probability of cyclonic development within the next 48 hours.
The Pacific Northwest will see back-to-back atmospheric rivers (ARs) beginning late Thursday, October 23, 2025, bringing significant precipitation and unsettled weather conditions through the end of October.The Weather Prediction Center has issued a Marginal Risk of excessive rainfall for coastal areas of Washington, Oregon, and northern California as the AR approaches.
Air quality across New Delhi, India, deteriorated sharply between October 19 and 21, 2025, reaching “very poor” and “severe” levels at multiple monitoring stations. According to the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB), the 24-hour average AQI rose from 296 on October 19 to 345–346 on October 20–21, prompting Stage II measures of the Graded Response Action Plan (GRAP) across the National Capital Region.
A deadly tornado struck the Val-d’Oise department, north-east of Paris, France, at around 17:45 LT (15:45 UTC) on October 20, 2025, killing one person and injuring nine, four critically. The violent, short-lived storm collapsed several construction cranes in Ermont, caused widespread roof damage, and uprooted trees across neighbouring municipalities.
