Two powerful X-class solar flares erupted on November 4, 2025 — an X1.8 from Region 4274 and an X1.1 from a region just beyond the east limb — launching CMEs largely off the solar limb. NOAA forecasts G1 – Minor to G2 – Moderate geomagnetic storming from late November 6 into 7 as Earth may experience a glancing shock from the flares combined with a coronal hole high-speed stream.
A major solar flare measuring X1.8 erupted from Active Region 4274 at 17:34 UTC on November 4, 2025. The event started at 17:15 and ended at 17:51 UTC. This is the first X-class flare since the impulsive X1.9 from Active Region 4114 at 23:50 UTC on June 19, 2025.
A long-duration solar flare measuring M5.0 erupted from an active region located at the NE limb of the Sun at 10:11 UTC on November 3, 2025. The event started at 09:38 and ended at 10:37 UTC.
Two coronal mass ejections (CMEs) launched from Active Region 4246 on October 13, 2025, are heading toward Earth and are expected to impact Earth over the next couple of days, according to NOAA’s Space Weather Prediction Center (SWPC). Model output indicates arrival around mid to late October 17, though forecasters note a possible earlier impact as both CMEs interact with earlier ejecta from the same region.
Earth’s magnetic field reached G3 – Strong storm levels on September 30, driven by CME impacts and sustained southward IMF. The event was enhanced by seasonal Russell–McPherron geometry near equinox, increasing coupling efficiency. Storm strength has since eased to G2 and G1 as IMF weakened and Bz returned closer to neutral.
Region 4232 produced two CME-associated M-class flares on September 28 and 29, 2025 — an M6.4 at 08:43 UTC on September 28 and an M3.6 at 01:45 UTC today. Forecast calls for unsettled to isolated G1 – Minor geomagnetic storm conditions on September 29, with mostly quiet levels returning by October 1.
A large filament eruption was observed at 19:45 UTC on September 4, 2025, followed by at least three CMEs. Model runs suggest a likely arrival early on September 7. In addition, a recurrent positive polarity coronal hole high-speed stream (CH HSS) activity is expected to enhance solar wind parameters beginning early September 6, with G1 – Minor to G2 – Moderate geomagnetic storm conditions likely through September 8.
A long-duration solar flare measuring M2.7 at its peak erupted at 20:02 UTC on August 30, 2025. The eruption produced an asymmetric full halo coronal mass ejection (CME), with impact expected late September 1 into September 2. A G3 – Strong geomagnetic storm watch is in effect.
A large coronal mass ejection (CME) was produced by a prominence eruption off the Sun’s southeast limb at 04:30 UTC on August 20, 2025. The CME is not Earth-directed, and solar activity is forecast to remain at very low to low levels, with a slight chance for M-class flares in the coming days.
A G2 – Moderate geomagnetic storm watch is in effect for August 8, 2025, due to an incoming coronal mass ejection (CME) and co-rotating interaction region from a coronal hole in the Sun’s southern hemisphere.
